Jakarta – Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes) RI membentuk Komite Penanggulangan Penyakit Respirasi dan Polusi Udara sebagai respons atas dampak situasi polusi di wilayah Jabodetabek dan sekitarnya.
“Kami dengan respons cepat membentuk Komite Penanggulangan Penyakit Respirasi dan Polusi Udara,” ujarnya.
Maxi mengatakan hasil surveilans penyakit yang timbul dari dampak polusi udara di Jabodetabek adalah peningkatan kasus infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) mencapai rata-rata 200 ribu kasus per bulan.
Data tersebut dihimpun dari laporan petugas layanan di puskesmas dan rumah sakit di wilayah setempat dalam sebulan terakhir.
Maxi mendelegasikan sejumlah tugas kepada Komite Penanggulangan Penyakit Respirasi dan Polusi Udara yang sesuai dengan tugas pokok dan fungsi (tupoksi) Kemenkes RI.
Tugas tersebut berupa melakukan edukasi kepada masyarakat terkait bahaya polusi bagi kesehatan, serta upaya pencegahan.
Berupa surveilans melalui kerja sama pemantauan partikulat (PM2,5) sebagai partikel pembentuk polusi yang berukuran lebih kecil dari 2,5 mikron untuk diukur kadarnya di Jabodetabek.
Kemenkes bersama komite juga melakukan surveilans secara berkala setiap pekan untuk memonitor laju kasus ISPA dan pneumonia di puskesmas dan rumah sakit, berikut dengan penerapan sistem kewaspadaan dini dan respons.
“Penanganan pneumonia di rumah sakit Jabodetabek kami inventarisasi kemampuannya agar semua bisa menangani pneumonia di Jabodetabek,” jelasnya.
Ketua Komite Penanggulangan Penyakit Respirasi dan Polusi Udara Pro Agus Dwi Susanto mengatakan PM2,5 terbukti paling memberikan dampak pada kesehatan masyarakat, selain gas sulfur dioksida (SO2), nitrogen oksida, dan ozon.
“Riset Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas) dikatakan peningkatan PM2,5, PM10, dan SO2 ternyata berkontribusi dalam peningkatan kasus ISPA dan pneumonia di Jakarta pada periode hampir 10 tahun setelah riset,” ungkapnya.
Agus menerjemahkan penugasan Kemenkes RI ke dalam empat sektor kerja, yakni, sektor deteksi dengan cara memantau kualitas udara, khususnya di DKI Jakarta, melalui pemasangan alat ukur udara di puskesmas dan rumah sakit untuk deteksi dini polusi.
Mengembangkan sistem peringatan dini bagi masyarakat yang terintegrasi dengan Aplikasi SatuSehat berikut penyampaian tentang apa yang harus dilakukan oleh pengguna aplikasi.
“Ketiga, kami lakukan edukasi untuk mengenalkan protokol kesehatan dan terakhir berupa kajian atau riset terkait dampak udara pada kesehatan,” katanya.(Redaksiswanara)
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